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Dandruff is a type of dandruff.<\/h3>\n
What it looks and feels like: Your head is covered in flakes and itching.<\/p>\n
What causes it to happen: An oily scalp (not a dry one), a deposit of dead skin or styling products, or a yeast-like fungus called malassezia are the three main causes of dandruff.<\/p>\n
How to get relief: Massaging shampoo into your scalp (not just your hair) vigorously may help lift product buildup, but if flaking persists, use a shampoo with zinc or salicylic acid, which treats fungus, buildup, and oil, such as Head & Shoulders Classic Clean Shampoo ($6, amazon.com). After a few weeks, does it still itch? You should consult your dermatologist to see if there’s anything else wrong.<\/p>\n
Allergic reaction<\/h3>\n
What it looks like and how it feels: Your entire scalp is itching.<\/p>\n
What causes it: According to Maria Hordinsky, MD, professor, and chair of dermatology at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, certain ingredients in hair products might create an allergic reaction. “Fragrance or a moisturizing ingredient called propylene glycol are frequently the allergens.”<\/p>\n
How to obtain relief: Stop using these suspects for a week and see whether the discomfort goes away. If it does, switch to fragrance- or PG-free alternatives (try the Alba Botanica range, $18.99, amazon.com). Keep heat settings on medium when using styling products like blow dryers, flat irons, and curling irons to avoid drying out the scalp and causing itching.<\/p>\n
Psoriasis is a type of psoriasis that affects<\/h3>\n
What it looks and feels like: You have a single itch site with elevated, scaly patches.<\/p>\n
According to the American Academy of Dermatology, this is an autoimmune disorder that runs in families (AAD). However, stress, an infection, some drugs, and cold, dry weather can all cause flares.<\/p>\n
According to dermatologist Joshua Zeichner, MD, director of cosmetic and clinical research at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, if your dermatologist determines you have psoriasis, use a shampoo with coal tar\u2014it sounds strange, but it works\u2014like Neutrogena T\/Gel Therapeutic Shampoo ($5, amazon.com). If necessary, your doctor can prescribe stronger medications.<\/p>\n
\u00a0The legion of the precancerous<\/h3>\n
What it looks like and feels like: A quarter-inch-wide crusty patch.<\/p>\n
What causes it to happen: It’s called actinic keratosis, and it’s caused by years of sun exposure, according to Dr. Hordinsky.<\/p>\n
Next steps: Because about 10% of them become malignant, see your dermatologist as soon as possible to have it checked and, if necessary, removed. Use a sunscreen designed specifically for the scalp, such as Banana Boat Sport Quik Dri Scalp Spray ($9.99, amazon.com), to prevent future damage\u2014yes, even in the winter.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Beehives<\/h3>\n
What it appears to be and how it feels: Where the skin is elevated, there are red, itching areas.<\/p>\n
What causes it to happen: According to board-certified dermatologist Ife J. Rodney, MD, founding director of Eternal Dermatology + Aesthetics, it’s usually caused by an adverse response to something, such as your shampoo or a product you used.<\/p>\n
Dr. Rodney recommends taking an antihistamine like Benadryl or Zyrtec to gain relief. A topical antihistamine lotion is one thing you should avoid. \u201cThey have the potential to make things worse,\u201d Dr. Rodney warns.<\/p>\n
Lice is number six.
\nWhat it looks like and how it feels: Lice cause an itching sensation that can spread all over your head. The parasites’ eggs (which can resemble rice grains) may also be seen along your hair shaft, according to Dr. Rodney.<\/p>\n
What causes it: You catch head lice if you come into contact with someone who has it or if you share items that they’ve used, such as a hat, comb, or brush.<\/p>\n
How to get rid of lice: Permethrin shampoo is commonly used to get rid of them. While it is available over-the-counter, Dr. Rodney advises that if you have a really severe case, you may need a prescription.<\/p>\n
Scabies is number seven on the list.<\/h3>\n
What it looks and feels like: According to Dr. Rodney, it’s “very acute, irritating itching.”<\/p>\n
Scabies is caused by microscopic mites that burrow into your scalp. Scabies isn’t particularly common, but those who do have it have frequently had close contact with someone who has the disease. Dr. Rodney speculates that they may have recently stayed in an infested motel or hotel.<\/p>\n
Dr. Rodney recommends seeing a dermatologist to find relief. \u201cUsually, over-the-counter remedies don’t work.\u201d Permethrin, like lice, is used to treat scabies, she says.<\/p>\n
8. Ringworm on the scalp<\/h3>\n
What it appears to be and how it feels: It could be dandruff or scaliness, or a spherical spot with elevated borders.<\/p>\n
What causes it to happen: According to Dr. Rodney, the infectious fungal infection is spread through direct contact with an affected person.<\/p>\n
How to get relief: According to Dr. Rodney, you’ll probably need prescription-strength antifungal medications, such as a lotion or ointment that you apply to your skin. Oral antifungal medications may be required in some circumstances. That is to say, you must contact your physician.<\/p>\n
Atopic dermatitis (atopic dermatitis) is a type of derma
\nWhat it looks like and how it feels: Atopic dermatitis on the scalp appears as itchy, red skin. According to Dr. Rodney, it’s also likely to show up on your elbows and the backs of your knees.<\/p>\n
What causes it: It’s frequently genetic, which means that if someone in your family has it, you’re more likely to get it.<\/p>\n
How to obtain relief: Try to discover out your triggers, including perfumed or abrasive shampoos. Dr. Rodney emphasizes the importance of taking short, warm showers rather than long, hot showers. You should also hydrate your scalp with a light conditioner. If you’re still having trouble, see your doctor.<\/p>\n
10. Nerve problems number<\/h3>\n
What it looks and feels like: You won\u2019t see anything on your scalp, save for maybe scratch marks from you. Dr. Rodney explains, \u201cWe can always detect when a patient has nerve difficulties since there is no original skin lesion.\u201d<\/p>\n
Nerves in your scalp that are over-reacting and firing too frequently are the cause.<\/p>\n
Dr. Rodney recommends seeing your primary care physician, who will likely refer you to a neurologist. She adds, “Some drugs can help.”<\/p>\n
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